Jules Chéret and Alphonse Mucha

My recent work on Eugène Rimmel for a mini online exhibition on my other blog: The John Johnson Collection: Now and Then led me to explore his little-known collaboration with his countryman Jules Chéret.

It was Chéret who compiled Les Maitres de l'Affiche. Published by Imprimerie Chaix between 1895 and 1900, this monthly publication showcased international lithographic poster art, including works by Toulouse Lautrec, Chéret himself, Steinlen, and Dudley Hardy.


It is now very easy to gain an overview of the works of artists, especially poster artists, through commercial sites, usually showing reproductions which can be ordered as prints, mugs, T shirts, etc. Googling offers quick and easy ways to see the works of Jules Chéret, Toulouse Lautrec, Steinlen, Dudley Hardy and others. The commercial All posters site includes the facility to view international musuem holdings, e.g. from the Musée Toulouse Lautrec in Albi, as well as searching by artist.

The complete works - Jules Chéret is a site which, while it does not include Chéret's work on valentines or almanacs, does present the advertising posters (124 images) for which he is famous, in an attractive manner.   There is also a biography. This too is a commercial site, offering hand-painted reproductions of the works, but there is, nevertheless, some descriptive metadata.

For more academic sites, with metadata, however, Gallica again  reveals what a rich resource it is, with no fewer than 1,165 results for Chéret, Jules, many from the Médiathèque de Chaumont. There are many  hundreds for Mucha, Lautrec etc.

(C) Gallica

 The V&A site also has a weatlth of posters, with a supporting study guide, which includes a superb bibliography.

(C) V&A

(C) Mucha Foundation

My interest in Alphonse Mucha was rekindled by a visit to Prague last summer, where I visited both Mucha museums. The Mucha Foundation has a wonderful website, full of information and with over 300 images of Mucha's key works

Valentines: more resources

It is valentine season again and time to highlight collections both here at the Bodleian and elsewhere.

This year, I have joined with the National Valentine Collectors Association to focus on the valentines of Eugène Rimmel.  My own contribution is a small virtual exhibition about Rimmel's advertising and his association with the Theatre on my blog: The John Johnson Collection Now and Then.  Nancy Rosin has devoted the winter issue of The Valentine Writer (the journal of the National Valentine Collectors Association) to an excellent article on Rimmel (available as a pdf) and Malcolm Warrington has created a beautiful online exhibition.  There are also posts about Comic valentines (and the 200th anniversary of De La Rue) on the UK Ephemera Society's Facebook page.

Also from the other side of the Atlantic, many thanks to Nancy Rosin for recommending The Virtual Museum of Canada, which has a virtual exhibition:  Valentine's Day:  love and romance through the ages, complete with the facility to open and rotate three-dimensional pop-up valentines (in QTVR files) and to create and send valentines from a museum object, card or artefact  for electronic delivery.  A lot of fun, but also solid information about the history not only of valentine cards, but of other love offerings.There are 1229 hits for valentines from various Canadian institutions in the image gallery.

(C) Virtual Museum of Canada

Back in Britain, The Museum of London has put online 1788 valentines, manufacturers' sample sheets and related material, mostly from the prestigious Jonathan King Collection. Jonathan King was a valentine maker in Essex Road, London and this collection gives a wonderful and invaluable insight into the manufacturing process. As well as complete valentines, there are proofs with annotations made in the workshop, relating to design and price, stock number etc. Each item is captioned and dated.  There is also a blog: The more unusual valentines in our collection.

(C) Museum of London

 The Discover pages of the (new) Library of Birmingham include introductions to the history of valentines, and to Comic valentines, with two galleries featuring sentimental and comic cards from their collections.  Similar pages are devoted to Birthday cards, Greetings cards illustrated by Kate Greenaway, Silk embroidered postcards, First World War song cards, and Miscellaneous greetings cards.

(C) Library of Birmingham

Hull Museums also have a large collection of valentines.

(C) Hull Museums

(C) The British Postal Museum & Archive

The British Postal Museum and Archive has a fascinating online exhibition Passion through the post highlighting its collections and outlining the history of the valentine, from the perspective of the postal historian.Their valentines are catalogued, with 892 hits for a  simple search for valentine, some accompanied with thumbnail images.

Cartoon Archive Rapid Digitisation (CARD)

Last year The British Cartoon Archive at the University of Kent's Templeman Library undertook a JISC-funded rapid digitisation project (CARD) which included not just cuttings of cartoons but also the notorious saucy seaside postcards by Donald McGill, from the Director of Public Prosecution's Archive. There is a CARD blog by Nicholas Hiley, Head of the British Cartoon Archive.

There are 389 postcards (excluding the DPP cards) on the BCA site by Arnold Taylor, Douglas Tempest, David Low, Giles, etc. as well as Donald McGill, and by publishers D. Constance Ltd, Bamforth and Co, Evening Standard, Daily Express, and Daily Mirror.  Many of the 1,324 prosecution cards (for cards by various artists) are in copyright and therefore have no image files but the 254 for McGill are online.  There is an index to the abbreviations used by the DPP.

The BCA catalogue also has 895 entries for poster (published in newspapers) and 1,568 for advertisement, mostly newspaper cartoons satirising advertising. The Advanced search includes a drop-down menu for searches by format: there are 265 menus (covers and artwork), 163 Christmas cards, for example. A fascinating insight into another ephemeral view of the world.

(C) British Cartoon Archive, Templeman Library, University of Kent

Shell Art Collection at the National Motor Museum Trust

The Shell Advertising Art Collection was relocated to the National Motor Museum at Beaulieu in 1993.  It contains posters, postcards, Shell guides, press advertising, and valentine cards (both those sent by Shell to their customers from 1938 to the 1970s and the historic collection they acquired in 1964 from The Valentine Shop in the Strand).

Selections of each category are online through the Highlights and Explore pages of the National Motor Museum website.. The collection contains work by some of the most notable designers of the 20th century, such as McKnight Kauffer, Edward Bawden, and Rex Whistler.

Copyright The National Motor Museum Trust